Main processes of cotton processing and production

Seed cotton pretreatment → ginning and stripping → cleaning and recycling → packaging and transportation

Main mechanical equipment used in cotton processing and production:

1. cotton humidifier:

Cotton has high requirements for humidity in the whole processing process. If the humidity in the workshop is too low, the quality of processed cotton may not be very good. Therefore, many domestic cotton processing plants will use humidifiers to improve the humidity.

Common cotton humidifiers have the characteristics of fine atomized particles, low energy consumption, high atomization energy efficiency, fast humidification speed, automatic air humidity control, etc

2. cotton dryer:

Cotton dryer is a mechanical equipment that uses heat energy to reduce the moisture content of materials. It is used to dry objects, vaporize and escape the moisture content in materials (generally refers to moisture or other volatile liquid components) through heating, so as to obtain materials with specified moisture content. The purpose of drying is to meet the needs of material use or further processing.

3. cotton cleaner:

The cotton cleaning machine, also known as the spring cleaner, cotton opener, cotton opener, etc., uses the mechanical centrifugal force generated by the high-speed operation of the carding device and the take-up roller to remove the impurities in the brocade flowers, loosen the lint, roll it into pieces, and make it easy to use. High power suction fan is adopted to make the dust discharge performance more superior

4. gin:

Ginning machine is a kind of machine that separates lint from seed cotton. It is required not to damage the quality of cotton fiber and cotton seed in the ginning process. There are two kinds of ginning machines commonly used: saw tooth ginning machine and roller ginning machine.

The calender uses the surface of the roller with high friction coefficient to adhere to and drive the cotton fiber, so as to achieve the purpose of separating from the cotton seed. Sawtooth gin is a machine that uses a high-speed rotating disc saw blade to hook and pull cotton fiber through the rib gap to separate it from cotton seeds.

5. stripping machine:

The stripping machine is a machine for stripping residual lint from cotton after ginning. It has many types, including saw tooth stripping machine, abrasive stripping machine and chemical de linting equipment. The saw tooth stripping machine is widely used in production. Its structure and working process are similar to that of the saw tooth ginning machine. It has two types: brush type and air flow type, but the saw blade spacing is small. The sharp edge of the saw tooth is used to scrape lint from cotton.

6. packer:

Baling machine, also known as baling machine, strapping machine, strapping machine, etc., is to use strapping belt to bind products or packages, and then tighten them and combine both ends by means of hot-melt bonding.

The function of the baling machine is to reinforce the packed articles, so that the articles will not be scattered due to poor binding in the process of handling and storage. At the same time, they should be tied neatly and beautifully.

Cotton blending → blowing carding unit → carding → drawing (rotor spinning) → roving → spinning → winder

Main mechanical equipment used in spinning process:

1. cotton grabber:

Including reciprocating cotton grabber and disc cotton grabber, which are used in the cotton blending stage. Also known as charter grabber. A machine for gripping cotton fibers from bales in a combined opening and cleaning unit. It is usually arranged in the first place of the combined machine, including upper grasping type and lower grasping type; Trolley reciprocating, trolley (or cotton bale platform) rotary type: trolley lifting type, platform lifting type, etc.

2. coiler:

Used in blowing carding process. The winder is suitable for cotton looping and tying. High production efficiency and good cotton discharge quality

3. carding machine:

Used in carding process. The working principle of the carding machine is to loosen, carding and remove impurities from the cotton (fiber) roll sent from the previous process or the oil cotton (chemical fiber) layer supplied by the cotton box, so that all curly cotton loops become basically straight single fiber dimensions. In this process, the broken seeds, impurities and short fibers left over from the flower cleaning process are removed, and then the sliver of a certain specification is integrated and stored in the cotton drum for use in the drawing process.

4. drawing frame:

Used in drawing process. The function of the drawing frame is to improve the internal structure of the sliver, so as to improve the evenness of its long segments, reduce the weight unevenness, make the fibers in the sliver straight and parallel, reduce the hooks, make the fineness meet the requirements, and make the raw materials of different types or different qualities mix evenly to reach the specified mixing ratio

5. roving frame:

Used in roving process. The main function of roving frame is drafting and twisting, and the roving is wound into a certain package to meet the requirements of spinning frame processing.

6. spinning frame:

Used in spinning process. In the process of spinning, the roving is further twisted on the ring spinning frame, which is the main spinning machine

7. winder:

Used in winding process. Change the package, increase the yarn capacity of the package, remove the yarn defects and improve the yarn quality

A variety of instruments and equipment are required for the technological process of cotton from a seed to spinning into yarn. In recent years, in order to promote the innovative development of cotton harvesting mechanization, the plot JIS in Xinjiang have explored the construction of "smart agricultural machinery", built agricultural machinery service platforms, effectively undertaken projects such as mechanical cotton harvesting, land subsoiling, joint seeding, laser leveling, residual film recycling, UAV plant protection, and implemented integrated services of farming, planting, management and harvesting, Promote the supply side reform of intelligent agricultural machinery.